EigoPro 2級文法 — Review

総合復習: 仮定法過去 / 仮定法過去完了 / 関係代名詞 whose / 現在完了 / 受動態 / 分詞構文 / the + 比較級, the + 比較級 / stop + V-ing / 倒置 / must have + pp / although / 強調構文 / 使役 / 間接疑問 / 目的の to 不定詞 ━ CEFR B2

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この単元の問題を3問、解説つきで公開しています

2級 · 文法 · 全15問

問 1

If I （　） you, I would honestly apologize to your kind old friend right away before it is too late.

be
am
was
were

Pattern

仮定法過去 (If I were you, I would ~)

2級文法総合復習仮定法過去

⚡ひとことで

If + S + 過去形 (were), S + would + 原形 = 現在の事実に反する仮定。be 動詞は were。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「were」

正解

"If I （　） you, I would honestly apologize to your kind old friend right away before it is too late" は仮定法過去 = 「were」。形: If + S + were, S + would + 原形 = 「もし〜なら…するのに」。現在の事実に反する仮定で be は were。ポイント: 仮定法過去は現在の非現実。If I were you (もし私があなたなら) は助言の定型。主節は would/could/might + 原形。2級頻出: 仮定法過去 If I were you, I would ~ (batch 1 復習)。

「am」
= 直説法現在 ━ 仮定法は were ━ am は事実、仮定法過去は were。
「was」
= 口語では可だが標準は were ━ 標準英語の仮定法は If I were。
「be」
= 原形 ━ 仮定法過去は were ━ be は原形、仮定法過去は were。

▦活用 (主語別 / 時制別)

形	マーカー	例
If I were you	もし私があなたなら	If I were you, I'd go.
If + S + 過去形, would + 原形	仮定法過去	If I had time, I would...
could / might + 原形	主節の助動詞	I could help.
vs 直説法 (事実)	区別	If I am free, I will...

▦文型バリエーション

文型	形	例
助言	If I were you, I would ~	If I were you, I'd rest.
非現実	If + 過去, would + 原形	If I knew, I'd tell you.
could	If ..., could + 原形	If I had a car, I could drive.

❝例文

If I were you, I would honestly apologize to your kind old friend right away before it is too late.
もし私があなたなら、正直、手遅れになる前にすぐ親切な旧友に謝るだろう。
If my busy father were here right now, he would certainly know exactly how to fix this broken machine.
もし忙しい父が今ここにいれば、彼はきっとこの壊れた機械の直し方を正確に知っているだろう。
Honestly, if I were a little richer, I would happily travel all around the whole beautiful world.
正直、もし私がもう少し裕福なら、喜んで美しい世界中を旅して回るだろう。
If she were not so very busy with her demanding work, she would definitely come to the party tonight.
もし彼女が要求の多い仕事でそんなに忙しくなければ、今夜きっとパーティーに来るだろう。
If I were the president of this country, I would honestly try very hard to help the poorest people first.
もし私がこの国の大統領なら、正直、まず最も貧しい人々を助けようと懸命に努力するだろう。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

仮定法過去 (2級頻出) ★ If + 過去形 (were), would + 原形 = 現在の非現実。定型 ★ If I were you (助言)。主節 ★ would / could / might + 原形。

問 2

If you had only told me about the serious problem a little earlier, I （　） have been able to help you.

would
must
can
will

Pattern

仮定法過去完了 (If S had pp, S would have pp)

2級文法総合復習仮定法過去完了

⚡ひとことで

If + S + had + pp, S + would + have + pp = 過去の事実に反する仮定。主節は would have pp。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「would」

正解

"If you had only told me about the serious problem a little earlier, I （　） have been able to help you" は仮定法過去完了の主節 = 「would」。形: If + S + had + pp, S + would have + pp = 「もし〜だったら…しただろうに」。過去の非現実。ポイント: 仮定法過去完了は過去の非現実。主節は would/could/might + have + pp。If 節は had + pp。2級頻出: 仮定法過去完了 would have pp (batch 2 復習)。

「will」
= 直説法未来 ━ 仮定法は would ━ will は未来、過去の仮定は would have。
「can」
= can have pp は不自然 ━ would ━ can have pp は不自然、仮定法は would have。
「must」
= must have は推量 ━ 仮定の帰結は would ━ must have は推量、仮定の帰結は would have。

▦活用 (主語別 / 時制別)

形	マーカー	例
would have + pp	〜しただろうに	I would have helped.
could have + pp	〜できただろうに	I could have come.
might have + pp	〜したかもしれない	It might have worked.
If + S + had + pp	If 節	If I had known...

▦文型バリエーション

文型	形	例
帰結	would have + pp	I would have told you.
可能	could have + pp	We could have won.
If 節	If + had + pp	If she had studied...

❝例文

If you had only told me about the serious problem a little earlier, I would have been able to help you.
もしその深刻な問題をもう少し早く話してくれていたら、私はあなたを助けられただろうに。
Honestly, if we had left the house just ten minutes sooner, we would not have missed the important train.
正直、もしほんの10分早く家を出ていたら、重要な電車を逃さなかっただろうに。
If the careful doctors had found the illness earlier, they could have treated it much more easily.
もし几帳面な医者たちがその病気をもっと早く見つけていたら、ずっと簡単に治療できただろうに。
If it had not rained so heavily all day, we would certainly have enjoyed a lovely picnic in the park.
もし一日中そんなに激しく雨が降っていなかったら、私たちはきっと公園で素敵なピクニックを楽しんだだろうに。
Honestly, I would have called you last night, but I had completely run out of battery on my old phone.
正直、昨夜電話したかったが、古い電話のバッテリーが完全に切れていた。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

仮定法過去完了 (2級頻出) ★ If + had pp, would have pp = 過去の非現実。主節 ★ would / could / might + have + pp。vs 仮定法過去 ★ こちらは「過去」の後悔・反実。

問 3

I am honestly very lucky to have a kind old friend （　） father is a famous and highly respected doctor.

whom
which
whose
who

Pattern

関係代名詞 whose (所有格)

2級文法総合復習関係代名詞 whose

⚡ひとことで

先行詞 + whose + 名詞 = 「その〜が…する」、所有格の関係代名詞。人にも物にも使える。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「whose」

正解

"I am honestly very lucky to have a kind old friend （　） father is a famous and highly respected doctor" は所有格 = 「whose」。形: 先行詞 + whose + 名詞 + V = 「その名詞が〜する先行詞」。所有 (the friend's father)。ポイント: whose は所有格 (友達の父 = the friend whose father)。who は主格、whom は目的格、which は物。whose は人・物両方。2級頻出: 関係代名詞 whose の所有格 (batch 3 復習)。

「who」
= 主格 ━ 所有は whose ━ who は主格 (人がする)、所有は whose。
「which」
= 物の主格/目的格 ━ 所有は whose ━ which は物、所有格は whose。
「whom」
= 目的格 ━ 所有は whose ━ whom は目的格、所有は whose。

▦活用 (主語別 / 時制別)

形	マーカー	例
先行詞 + whose + 名詞	その〜が	the man whose car...
人 + whose	人の所有	a friend whose father
物 + whose	物の所有	a house whose roof
vs who (主格)	区別	the man who lives here

▦文型バリエーション

文型	形	例
人の所有	人 + whose + 名詞	a boy whose dog ran away
物の所有	物 + whose + 名詞	a book whose cover is red
vs who	人 + who + V	the woman who called

❝例文

I am honestly very lucky to have a kind old friend whose father is a famous and highly respected doctor.
正直、私は父が有名で高く尊敬される医者である親切な旧友がいてとても幸運だ。
The talented young writer, whose first novel became a huge bestseller, is honestly still only twenty years old.
最初の小説が大ベストセラーになった才能ある若い作家は、正直まだ20歳でしかない。
We kindly helped the worried tourist whose expensive camera had been suddenly stolen at the busy market.
私たちは、混雑した市場で高価なカメラを突然盗まれた心配する観光客を親切に助けた。
That is honestly the beautiful old house whose lovely garden wins a prize almost every single year.
あれは正直、その素敵な庭がほぼ毎年賞を取る美しい古い家だ。
My kind neighbor, whose children go to the very same school as mine, often gives them all a ride home.
子供たちが私の子と全く同じ学校に通う親切な隣人は、よく彼ら全員を家まで車で送ってくれる。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

whose (2級頻出) ★ 所有格の関係代名詞「その〜が」、人・物両方。vs who/whom ★ who (主格) / whom (目的格) / whose (所有格)。vs which ★ which は物の主格・目的格。

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EigoPro 2級 文法 — Review

この単元の問題を3問、解説つきで公開しています

EigoPro 2級文法 — Review