EigoPro 2級読解 — The Wonder of Bird Migration

The Wonder of Bird Migration Twice a year, billions of birds make incredible journeys across the planet. Some travel only a short distance, but others fly thousands of kilometres, crossing oceans, deserts, and mountains. One small bird, the Arctic tern, flies from the top of the world to the bottom and back again each year — a round trip longer than the distance to the Moon over its lifetime. For centuries, this behaviour, known as migration, has amazed and puzzled people. Why do birds undertake such dangerous trips? The main reason is food. As winter approaches in colder regions, insects disappear and plants stop growing, leaving little to eat. Rather than starve, many birds fly to warmer places where food is still plentiful. When spring returns, they travel back to take advantage of the long days and rich food supplies of the northern summer, which are perfect for raising their young. Perhaps the greatest mystery is how birds find their way. Unlike humans, they have no maps or signs to follow, yet many return to the very same nesting place year after year. Scientists believe birds use a combination of clues. During the day, they may use the position of the sun; at night, the patterns of the stars. Remarkably, many birds can also sense the Earth's magnetic field, almost as if they carry a compass inside their bodies. Sadly, migrating birds now face growing dangers. Many depend on particular wetlands or forests where they can rest and feed during their long journeys. When these places are destroyed, the birds may not survive the trip. Light pollution from cities can also confuse them at night. Protecting the special places that birds rely on, scientists say, is essential if these astonishing journeys are to continue.

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この単元の問題を3問、解説つきで公開しています

2級 · 読解 · 全5問

問 1

What is the main idea of the passage?

Bird migration is an amazing journey whose reasons and methods are slowly being understood.
Only one type of bird in the world ever migrates.
Birds never travel far from where they were born.
Migration is a simple behaviour that scientists fully understand.

Phrase

this behaviour, known as migration, has amazed and puzzled people

渡りと呼ばれるこの行動は人を驚かせ悩ませてきた

2級読解自然記事主旨

⚡ひとことで

記事の主旨は「鳥の渡りは驚異的な長旅で、その理由・方法・脅威を巡る自然の不思議」。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「Bird migration is an amazing journey whose reasons and methods are slowly being understood.」

正解

第1段落 "this behaviour, known as migration, has amazed and puzzled people" が主旨の出発点。記事は渡りの理由 → 道の見つけ方 → 脅威と展開。make a journey = 「旅をする」、a round trip = 「往復」、puzzle ~ = 「〜を悩ませる」。

「Birds never travel very far from the place where they were born and first raised.」
= 鳥は生まれた場所から遠く移動しない ━ 本文 "fly thousands of kilometres" と矛盾。
「Migration is a simple behaviour that scientists have fully understood for years.」
= 完全に解明済みの単純な行動 ━ 本文 "the greatest mystery is how birds find their way" と矛盾。
「Out of all the birds in the world, only one single kind ever migrates each year.」
= 1種類の鳥だけが渡る ━ 本文 "billions of birds" と矛盾。

▦Collocation

パターン	意味	例
make a journey	旅をする	make incredible journeys
a round trip	往復	a round trip longer than...
known as ~	〜として知られる	known as migration
amaze and puzzle	驚かせ悩ませる	amazed and puzzled people
twice a year	年2回	Twice a year

❝例文

Billions of birds migrate twice a year.
何十億もの鳥が年2回渡る。
Some fly thousands of kilometres.
中には数千キロ飛ぶものもいる。
Migration has long puzzled people.
渡りは長く人を悩ませてきた。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

主旨設問の鉄則 ―― 第1段落 "this behaviour ... has amazed and puzzled people" が記事を貫く。誤答は本文と矛盾 (遠く移動しない / 完全解明 / 1種だけ) で誘導。驚異 + 理由・方法の探究を含む選択肢が正解。

問 2

Why do birds migrate, according to the passage?

Birds migrate mainly because they enjoy long flights.
Birds stop eating completely during the winter months.
Birds migrate mainly to find food, flying to warmer places when winter cuts food supplies.
Birds fly to colder places to escape the summer heat.

Phrase

insects disappear, plants stop growing; fly to warmer places where food is plentiful

昆虫が消え植物が育たず、食料豊富な暖地へ飛ぶ

2級読解自然記事詳細 (なぜ渡るか)

⚡ひとことで

渡りの主な理由は食料。寒い地域で冬が近づくと昆虫が消え植物も育たず食べ物が乏しくなるため、飢えずに食料の豊富な暖地へ飛ぶ。春には食料豊富な北の夏に戻り子育てする。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「Birds migrate mainly to find food, flying to warmer places when winter cuts food supplies.」

正解

第2段落 "The main reason is food. As winter approaches ... insects disappear and plants stop growing, leaving little to eat. Rather than starve, many birds fly to warmer places where food is still plentiful" より、理由 = 食料 ─ 冬に食料が乏しくなり暖地へ移動。rather than ~ = 「〜よりむしろ」、take advantage of ~ = 「〜を活用する」。春に北へ戻り子育て。

「Birds migrate mainly because they enjoy making long flights over the open sea.」
= 長距離飛行が好きだから ━ 本文 "The main reason is food" と矛盾。
「Birds fly to much colder places in order to escape the heat of the long summer.」
= 夏の暑さを逃れ寒地へ ━ 本文は冬に暖地へ、逆方向。
「Birds stop eating completely during the winter months and sleep until spring.」
= 冬は完全に食べるのをやめる ━ 本文 "Rather than starve" (飢えを避ける) と矛盾。

▦Collocation

パターン	意味	例
the main reason	主な理由	The main reason is food
as winter approaches	冬が近づくと	As winter approaches
leave little to eat	食べ物をほとんど残さない	leaving little to eat
rather than ~	〜よりむしろ	Rather than starve
take advantage of ~	〜を活用する	take advantage of ... food

❝例文

Birds migrate mainly to find food.
鳥は主に食料を求めて渡る。
In winter, food becomes scarce.
冬には食料が乏しくなる。
They fly to warmer, richer places.
食料豊富な暖地へ飛ぶ。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

理由設問の鉄則 ―― "Why do birds ...? The main reason is X" の X (食料) が答え。誤答は本文と矛盾 (飛行が好き / 寒地へ / 食べるのをやめる) で誘導。"Rather than starve" が飢え回避の動機を示す。

問 3

How do birds find their way during migration?

Birds follow printed maps and road signs like humans.
Birds find their way only by listening to the wind.
Birds simply follow other animals on the ground.
Birds use the sun, the stars, and a sense of the Earth's magnetic field.

Phrase

use the sun by day, the stars at night, and sense the Earth's magnetic field

昼は太陽、夜は星、地磁気も感知

2級読解自然記事詳細 (どう道を知るか)

⚡ひとことで

鳥は地図も標識もないのに毎年同じ営巣地に戻る。手がかりの組合せ ─ 昼は太陽の位置、夜は星の配置、さらに多くの鳥は体内の羅針盤のように地球の磁場を感知する。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「Birds use the sun, the stars, and a sense of the Earth's magnetic field.」

正解

第3段落 "During the day, they may use the position of the sun; at night, the patterns of the stars. Remarkably, many birds can also sense the Earth's magnetic field, almost as if they carry a compass" より、道の見つけ方 = 太陽・星・地磁気の組合せ。a combination of ~ = 「〜の組合せ」、as if ~ = 「まるで〜のように」。

「Birds follow printed maps and road signs on the ground, just as humans do.」
= 人のように地図や標識に従う ━ 本文 "no maps or signs to follow" と矛盾。
「Birds simply follow the other animals moving on the ground below.」
= 地上の他の動物に従う ━ 本文にそのような記述なし、創作。
「Birds find their way only by listening to the sound of the wind.」
= 風の音だけで道を知る ━ 本文は太陽・星・磁場、風の音ではない。

▦Collocation

パターン	意味	例
find one's way	道を見つける	how birds find their way
a combination of clues	手がかりの組合せ	a combination of clues
the position of the sun	太陽の位置	the position of the sun
sense ~	〜を感知する	sense the ... magnetic field
as if ~	まるで〜のように	as if they carry a compass

❝例文

Birds use the sun by day.
鳥は昼に太陽を使う。
At night they use the stars.
夜には星を使う。
They can sense the magnetic field.
磁場を感知できる。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

方法設問の鉄則 ―― "use a combination of clues" 以下 (sun / stars / magnetic field) を拾う。誤答は本文が否定する点 (地図・標識) や本文にない手段 (他の動物 / 風の音) で誘導。

残り2問は、解いて確かめられます

全5問すべてに、この形式の解説が付いています。間違えた問題は記録され、あとから復習できます。

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この単元の講義を見る 2級の単元一覧 2級の用語集

EigoPro 2級 読解 — The Wonder of Bird Migration

この単元の問題を3問、解説つきで公開しています

this behaviour, known as migration, has amazed and puzzled people

insects disappear, plants stop growing; fly to warmer places where food is plentiful

use the sun by day, the stars at night, and sense the Earth's magnetic field

EigoPro 2級読解 — The Wonder of Bird Migration