問 1
How much does this T-shirt ( )?
cost — 「
/値段が/かかる」
📐4級●語彙●買い物●動詞
✓"How much does this T-shirt ~ ?" は値段の質問 = 「いくらかかる?」。
·
▦Collocation
| パターン | 意味 | 例 |
|---|
| How much does ~ cost? | 〜はいくら? | How much does this cost? |
| cost a lot | 高くつく | It costs a lot. |
| at no cost | 無料で | It's yours at no cost. |
| the cost of living | 生活費 | The cost of living is high. |
| cost-effective | 費用対効果がよい | This is cost-effective. |
❝例文
1How much does this T
shirt cost? — このTシャツはいくら?
2Going to college costs a lot.
大学進学は高くつく。
3The cost of food is rising.
食料品の値段が上がっている。
·
How much does + 物 + cost? = 「いくらしますか?」(値段定型疑問)。cost → cost → cost (不規則、無変化)。cost vs price ―― cost は動詞 (かかる)、price は名詞 (値段)。
問 2
I want to ( ) this watch with my credit card.
✓"this watch with my credit card" は支払い = 「クレジットカードで支払う」。
·
▦Collocation
| パターン | 意味 | 例 |
|---|
| pay for ~ | 〜の代金を払う | I'll pay for lunch. |
| pay by credit card/cash | クレジット/現金で払う | Pay by credit card. |
| pay attention | 注意を払う | Pay attention! |
| pay a visit | 訪問する | Let's pay a visit. |
| pay back | 返金する | I'll pay you back. |
❝例文
1I want to pay this watch with my credit card.
この時計をクレジットカードで払いたい。
2Please pay at the cashier.
レジで支払って。
3Pay attention in class.
授業中は注意を払って。
·
pay for + 物 = 「(物) の代金を支払う」(他動詞 + for)。pay with + 手段 = 「(手段) で支払う」(pay with cash / pay with credit card)。pay → paid → paid (不規則動詞)。
問 3
The shop gives a 10% ( ) on Sundays.
- ✗book
- ○discount
- ✗door
- ✗ticket
「discount」を表す語彙。名詞の文脈で頻出。
✓"10% ... on Sundays" は割引 = 「日曜10%引き」。
·
▦Collocation
| パターン | 意味 | 例 |
|---|
| a 10% discount | 10%割引 | Get a 10% discount. |
| give a discount | 割引する | They give discounts. |
| ask for a discount | 割引を頼む | Ask for a discount. |
| a student discount | 学生割引 | Show your student discount card. |
| at a discount | 割引価格で | Buy it at a discount. |
❝例文
1The shop gives a 10% discount on Sundays.
その店は日曜10%引き。
2Is there a student discount?
学生割引はある?
3Black Friday discounts attract many shoppers.
ブラックフライデー割引は多くの客を惹きつける。
·
discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ = 割引。give a discount = 割引する、get a discount = 割引を受ける。10% off = 10%引き (= 10% discount)。sale (セール) も類義。