問 1
The new downtown art museum is genuinely impressive and well designed, ( )?
- isn't it
- isn't he
- wasn't it
- is it
肯定文 → 否定タグ (極性一致の付加疑問)
肯定文, 否定タグ? = 主節が肯定なら付加疑問は否定で受ける。助動詞を反復し主語を代名詞化。
「isn't it」
正解"The new downtown art museum is genuinely impressive, ~" は肯定主節を受ける否定タグ = 「isn't it」。形: 肯定文 + 否定の付加疑問 (助動詞 + n't + 代名詞)。be 動詞 is なら isn't、主語 the museum → it。ポイント: 極性一致の原則 = 肯定→否定 / 否定→肯定。同意確認・念押しの典型。準1級頻出: タグの極性反転は C1 鉄板、会話の自然さで必出。
「is it」
= 肯定タグ ━ 肯定主節には否定タグが要る ━ 肯定→否定の反転が原則、is it は反転していない。
「isn't he」
= 主語誤り ━ the museum は it ━ 主語 the museum は it、人称 he は不一致。
「wasn't it」
= 過去形タグ ━ is と時制不一致 ━ 主節は現在 is、タグも現在 isn't が必要。
✅ なぜ「isn't it」が正解? この文では肯定主節 (is impressive) を念押しで受けるので極性反転の 「isn't it」 が正解。is it は肯定タグで極性が反転せず誤り、isn't he は主語 it を he と取り違え、wasn't it は時制が現在 is と食い違う。
| 形 | マーカー | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| be 動詞肯定 → isn't / aren't | is → isn't, are → aren't | She is kind, isn't she? |
| 一般動詞肯定 → don't/doesn't | 現在形は do/does | He likes it, doesn't he? |
| 過去肯定 → didn't / wasn't | 過去は did/was | They came, didn't they? |
| 代名詞化 | 主語を人称代名詞に | The book is good, isn't it? |
| 文型 | 形 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| be 動詞主節 | S be 形容詞, be+n't 代名詞? | It is cold, isn't it? |
| 一般動詞主節 | S V, don't/doesn't S? | You know him, don't you? |
| 過去時制主節 | S V(past), didn't S? | She left early, didn't she? |
The brand
new downtown contemporary art museum is genuinely quite impressive and beautifully designed, isn't it? — あの真新しい街中の現代美術館は本当にかなり印象的で美しくデザインされているよね?
Your remarkably talented older sister speaks at least three different foreign languages fluently, doesn't she?
あなたの非常に才能ある姉は少なくとも3つの異なる外国語を流暢に話すよね?
The exhausted overworked employees clearly deserve a much longer and far more relaxing summer holiday this year, don't they?
疲れ切って働き過ぎの従業員たちは明らかに今年はずっと長くはるかにくつろげる夏休みに値するよね?
We genuinely had an absolutely wonderful and unforgettable time at the seaside resort last weekend, didn't we?
私たちは先週末、海辺のリゾートで本当に最高で忘れられない時間を過ごしたよね?
The carefully restored old wooden bridge over the river looks surprisingly sturdy and remarkably safe now, doesn't it?
川にかかる丁寧に修復された古い木の橋は今や驚くほど頑丈でとても安全に見えるよね?
- 極性一致 (準1級 鉄板)
★ 肯定主節 → 否定タグ / 否定主節 → 肯定タグ ★ 助動詞を反復し主語を代名詞化 ━ be → be+n't、一般動詞 → do/does/did
- 主語の代名詞化
★ the museum → it, my sister → she ━ 名詞をそのまま使わない
- イントネーション
下降調=同意確認 (もう答えを知っている)、上昇調=本当の質問