EigoPro 準2級 読解 — Flu Prevention Guide

Stay Healthy This Winter: A Flu Prevention Guide — Issued by Greenfield City Health Center Every year, more than 10,000 people in our city catch the flu between December and February. Most cases are mild, but the elderly, young children, and people with weak immune systems can become seriously ill. The good news is that flu is preventable. Please follow these simple steps to protect yourself and your family. 1. Wash Your Hands Often The number one rule is hand washing. Use soap and warm water, and rub your hands for at least 20 seconds — about the time it takes to sing "Happy Birthday" twice. If soap is not available, alcohol-based hand gel works well. 2. Cover Your Mouth and Nose When you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue. Throw the tissue away immediately, and wash your hands again. If you do not have a tissue, use the inside of your elbow — never your bare hand. 3. Get a Flu Shot A yearly flu vaccine is the most effective way to avoid serious illness. Vaccines are available at most clinics from October to January. The cost is ¥3,500 for adults and free for residents aged 65 and over, as well as for children under 13. 4. Stay Home When Sick If you have a fever above 37.5°C, please stay home and rest. Going to work or school while you have a fever spreads the virus to others. Most workplaces accept a doctor's note as proof. If You Need Help For non-emergency questions, call our Health Hotline at 0120-555-100 (open 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. on weekdays). In a medical emergency, dial 119 right away.

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この単元の問題を3問、解説つきで公開しています

準2級 · 読解 · 全5問

問 1

Who is most likely to become seriously ill from the flu?

  • The elderly, young children, and people with weak immune systems.
  • Healthy adults who exercise daily.
  • Anyone who lives outside Greenfield City.
  • People who never travel during winter.
Phrase

the elderly, young children, weak immune systems

高齢者・幼児・免疫弱者

準2級読解公衆衛生チラシリスク群の特定
⚡ひとことで

「The elderly, young children, and people with weak immune systems.」を表す読解フレーズ。重症化リスク群の文脈で頻出。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「The elderly, young children, and people with weak immune systems.」

正解

本文 "Most cases are mild, but the elderly, young children, and people with weak immune systems can become seriously ill" より、重症化しやすい3群 = 高齢者+幼児+免疫力低下者。"the elderly" = 「高齢者 (定冠詞 the + 形容詞で集団名詞)」、"with weak immune systems" = 「免疫弱い」。

  • 「Healthy young adults who take plenty of exercise daily.」

    = 毎日運動する健康な大人 ━ 本文 "Most cases are mild" ━ 健康な大人は軽症で済むのが普通。

  • 「Anyone who happens to live just outside Greenfield City.」

    = 市外住民 ━ リスクは 居住地 ではなく 年齢・免疫状態 で決まる。

  • 「People who never travel anywhere at all during the winter.」

    = 冬に旅行しない人 ━ 旅行の有無は本文に無し、創作選択肢。

▦Collocation
パターン意味例
the elderly高齢者 (集合名詞)the elderly are at higher risk
become seriously ill重症化するcan become seriously ill
weak immune system弱い免疫系people with weak immune systems
most casesほとんどの場合most cases are mild
catch the fluインフルエンザに罹るpeople catch the flu
❝例文

  • The elderly are at higher risk during flu season.

    インフル流行期に高齢者はリスクが高い。

  • Most cases of the flu are mild.

    インフルの大半は軽症。

  • Children under 5 may become seriously ill.

    5歳未満児は重症化することも。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

集合名詞 the + 形容詞 ―― "the elderly" / "the young" / "the rich" は 「〜な人々」全体 を指す集合表現 (準2級必須)。A, B, and C のオックスフォードコンマ列挙は 3群すべてを含む答えが正解。Most ... but ... の対比構造は『一般論 + 例外』を導く。

問 2

How long should you rub your hands when washing them?

  • At least 20 seconds.
  • Exactly 5 seconds.
  • Until the soap completely disappears.
  • A full minute every time.
Phrase

at least 20 seconds

最低20秒

準2級読解公衆衛生チラシ手洗い時間
⚡ひとことで

「At least 20 seconds.」を表す読解フレーズ。手洗い推奨時間の文脈で頻出。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「At least 20 seconds.」

正解

Rule 1 "rub your hands for at least 20 seconds — about the time it takes to sing 'Happy Birthday' twice" より、最低20秒。"about the time it takes to ..." は 直感的な目安 を示す説明節 (the time [that] it takes to do)。

  • 「Exactly 5 seconds.」

    = ちょうど5秒 ━ 5秒は不十分。最低20秒が必要。

  • 「A full minute every time.」

    = 毎回まるまる1分 ━ 1分は推奨値ではなく、20秒が下限。

  • 「Until the soap completely disappears.」

    = 石鹸が完全に消えるまで ━ 本文に石鹸残量での判断は無し ━ 時間基準。

▦Collocation
パターン意味例
at least + 数字少なくとも〜at least 20 seconds
rub + 物(物)をこするrub your hands
about the time it takes to ~〜にかかる時間ほどabout the time it takes to sing
alcohol-based hand gelアルコール系ジェルalcohol-based hand gel works well
if X is not availableXが利用できない場合if soap is not available
❝例文

  • Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds.

    20秒以上手を洗うこと。

  • It takes about as long as singing Happy Birthday twice.

    ハッピーバースデー2回分の時間。

  • If soap is not available, use hand gel.

    石鹸がなければハンドジェルを。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

時間目安設問の鉄則 ―― "at least X seconds" は 下限保証 (≧X)、exactly X とは違う。約X相当 を示す "about the time it takes to ~" は 直感的目安 を伝える便利フレーズ (準2級頻出)。if X is not available = 「Xが手に入らない場合」は代替案を提示する条件構文。

問 3

What should you do if you do not have a tissue when sneezing?

  • Cover your face with your bare hand.
  • Use the inside of your elbow.
  • Hold the sneeze inside without covering anything.
  • Leave the room immediately without warning anyone.
Phrase

use the inside of your elbow

肘の内側を使う

準2級読解公衆衛生チラシ代替行動
⚡ひとことで

「Use the inside of your elbow.」を表す読解フレーズ。ティッシュがない時の対応の文脈で頻出。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

「Use the inside of your elbow.」

正解

Rule 2 "If you do not have a tissue, use the inside of your elbow — never your bare hand" より、ティッシュ無 → 肘の内側で覆う。"never your bare hand" は 明確な禁止 ━ 手のひらは絶対NG。"the inside of ~" は「〜の内側」の解剖学的表現。

  • 「Cover your face with your bare hand.」

    = 素手で覆う ━ 本文 "never your bare hand" と 正反対 ━ 明確に禁止。

  • 「Hold the sneeze inside without covering anything.」

    = 何も使わずくしゃみを我慢 ━ 我慢の話は出ない、創作。

  • 「Leave the room immediately without warning anyone.」

    = 誰にも言わず即退室 ━ 退室の言及なし、非現実的。

▦Collocation
パターン意味例
cover + 体の部位 + with + 物(物)で(部位)を覆うcover your mouth with a tissue
the inside of + 体の部位(部位)の内側the inside of your elbow
throw + 物 + away(物)を捨てるthrow the tissue away
never + 名詞句決して〜ではないnever your bare hand
immediatelyすぐにthrow the tissue away immediately
❝例文

  • Cover your sneeze with your elbow if you have no tissue.

    ティッシュがなければ肘で覆う。

  • Never sneeze into your bare hand.

    素手にくしゃみは絶対NG。

  • Throw the tissue away immediately after use.

    使用後すぐにティッシュを捨てる。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

代替行動設問の読み方 ―― "If you do not have X, use Y — never Z" 構造では: (1) 条件節 if + (2) 推奨 Y + (3) 禁止 Z (ダッシュ後)。本問では Y = elbow, Z = bare hand。never + 名詞句 は形容詞的にも使える強い否定 (準2級頻出)。

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