問 1
What is "citizen science"?
- A type of research done only in laboratories.
- Ordinary people taking part in real research, often using a smartphone.
- A university course only for science students.
- A job that requires an expensive degree.
ordinary people in real research
一般人が本物の研究に参加
「Ordinary people taking part in real research, often using a smartphone.」を表す読解フレーズ。市民科学の定義の文脈で頻出。
「Ordinary people taking part in real research, often using a smartphone.」
正解本文 "ordinary people are taking part in real research through something called 'citizen science.' With nothing more than a smartphone, anyone can become a part-time scientist" より、定義 = スマホで一般人が本物の研究に参加すること。take part in ~ = 「〜に参加する」、nothing more than ~ = 「〜だけで」。
「A university course that is open only to full-time science students.」
= 理系学生専用の大学講座 ━ "do not need a university degree" ━ 誰でも可。
「A type of research that is done only inside closed laboratories.」
= 研究室限定の研究 ━ 庭や公園で行う ━ 研究室限定ではない。
「A well-paid job that requires an expensive university degree.」
= 高価な学位が必要な仕事 ━ "do not need a degree" と矛盾。
| パターン | 意味 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| take part in ~ | 〜に参加する | taking part in real research |
| nothing more than ~ | 〜だけで | nothing more than a smartphone |
| a part-time scientist | パートタイムの科学者 | a part-time scientist |
| a university degree | 大学の学位 | a university degree |
| called ~ | 〜と呼ばれる | something called citizen science |
Ordinary people take part in real research.
一般人が本物の研究に参加する。
With just a smartphone, anyone can join.
スマホだけで誰でも参加できる。
You do not need a university degree.
大学の学位は不要。
定義設問の鉄則 ―― "something called 'X'" の前後が定義。take part in ~ = 「〜に参加する」、nothing more than ~ = 「〜以上の何もない=〜だけ」は準2級プラス必須。誤答は『学位必要』『研究室限定』など本文の開放性と逆で誘導。