問 1
My older sister honestly really believes （ ） my younger brother will easily succeed in his very ambitious new business venture next year with his hard work.
- which
- if
- that
- what
that 節 (目的語の名詞節)
動詞 + that + S + V = that 節を目的語に取る、that は省略可。
「that」
正解"My older sister honestly really believes ~ my younger brother will easily succeed in his very ambitious new business venture next year" は that 節 = 「that」。形: 動詞 (think / believe / know / hope / say / hear) + that + 節 = 「〜だと思う/信じる」。ポイント: 目的語の that は省略可能 (口語頻出)、formal では省略しない。2級頻出: that 節は B2 基礎、最も頻出の名詞節構造。
「which」
= 関係代名詞 ━ 先行詞必須 ━ 名詞節は that、関係代名詞は先行詞必要。
「what」
= 先行詞内包 ━ believe what = the thing that の含意になる ━ 信念には that + 節、what は先行詞内包。
「if」
= 「〜かどうか」 ━ yes/no 疑問 ━ 確信には that、不確実は if/whether。
| 形 | マーカー | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| V + that + S + V (目的語) | 「〜だと V する」 | I think that he is right |
| V + (that 省略) + S + V | 口語省略 | I think he is right |
| V + (that 省略不可、formal/書面) | formal 省略不可 | She announced that ~ |
| vs V + wh-節 (疑問) | 対比 | I know what he did (疑問詞) |
| 文型 | 形 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| 確信 | S + V + that + S + V | I believe that you are right. |
| 口語省略 | S + V + (that 省略) + S + V | I think he's right. |
| formal | S + V + that + S + V | She announced that the meeting was cancelled. |
My older sister honestly really believes that my younger brother will easily succeed in his very ambitious new business venture next year with his hard work and dedication.
姉は、弟が来年彼の努力と献身で非常に野心的な新しいビジネスベンチャーに楽に成功すると正直本当に信じている。
Honestly, I really hope that my elderly grandfather will quickly fully recover from his recent serious heart operation and return back home very soon next week.
正直、高齢の祖父が最近の深刻な心臓手術から素早く完全に回復し、来週すぐ家に戻ることを本当に願っている。
Most of the very serious top international climate scientists worldwide now strongly agree that human industrial activity is honestly significantly causing very dangerous global warming.
世界中のほとんどの非常に真剣な一流国際気候科学者は今や、人間の産業活動が正直、非常に危険な地球温暖化を大幅に引き起こしていることに強く同意する。
My very strict father always firmly insists that I absolutely must come home by exactly ten p.m. every single night without any kind of exceptions whatsoever.
私の非常に厳しい父は、私がいかなる種類の例外もなく、毎晩ちょうど午後10時までに絶対に家に帰らなければならないといつもしっかりと主張する。
Local newspapers reported earlier today that the famous popular elderly Japanese politician has very unfortunately decided to officially retire from active political life next March after fifty years.
地元の新聞は今日早く、有名で人気のある高齢の日本人政治家が50年後の来年3月に活発な政治生活から正式に引退することを非常に残念ながら決めたと報じた。
- that 節 (2級 基礎必出)
★ 動詞 + that + S + V = 名詞節目的語 ★ 口語では that 省略可、formal では省略しない ━ 最も基本的な名詞節構造
- 典型動詞
think / believe / know / hope / say / hear / report / agree / insist / announce + that ━ 多くの動詞と組む。本試験 listening: that 節の構造を素早く把握、文の主張を捉える