問 1
It ( ) that the ambitious new policy has quietly failed to achieve any of its stated economic goals.
- feels
- seems
- looks
- shows
It seems / appears that S V (非人称のヘッジ)
It seems / appears that S V = 「〜のようだ」。断定を避け、根拠に基づく控えめな推測を示す非人称構文。
「seems」
正解"It ~ that the ambitious new policy has quietly failed to achieve any of its stated economic goals" は非人称のヘッジ = 「seems」。形: It seems / appears + that 節 = 「(状況から見て) 〜のようだ」。主語 it は形式主語で、that 節が真の内容。ポイント: 直接断定する代わりに seem/appear を挟むことで、話者は判断の余地を残す (hedging)。準1級頻出: It seems that は C1 鉄板、論説・報告で確信度を下げて述べる定番。
「looks」
= look ━ that 節を直接取れない (looks like が必要) ━ It seems that が標準、It looks that は非文 (looks like なら可)。
「feels」
= feel (感覚) ━ it feels that は非標準のヘッジ ━ 非人称ヘッジは seems、feels は身体・感情の感覚。
「shows」
= show (示す) ━ 客観提示で話者の推測ヘッジにならない ━ ヘッジは seems、shows は「証拠が示す」で断定的。
✅ なぜ「seems」が正解? この文では「(根拠から) 政策が失敗したようだ」と断定を避けてヘッジするので 「seems」 が正解。It seems that S V の形を作れるのは seem/appear。looks は look like that とは言わず that 節を直接取れず、feels は感覚で it feels that は非標準、shows は他動詞で it shows that は「示す」で話者のヘッジにならない。
| 形 | マーカー | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| It seems that S V | 〜のようだ (現在) | It seems that he is busy. |
| It seemed that S V | 〜のようだった (過去) | It seemed that they had left. |
| It appears that S V | = seems (やや堅い) | It appears that costs have risen. |
| It would seem that | さらに控えめ | It would seem that we were wrong. |
| 文型 | 形 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| 非人称 + that 節 | It seems that S V | It seems that prices are rising. |
| 過去形のヘッジ | It seemed that S had pp | It seemed that he had forgotten. |
| 二重ヘッジ | It would seem that S V | It would seem that demand is falling. |
It honestly seems that the ambitious new government economic policy has quietly failed to achieve almost any of its loudly stated long
term goals. — 正直なところ、野心的な新政府の経済政策は、大々的に掲げた長期目標のほとんど何一つ静かに達成できなかったようだ。
From the disappointing quarterly figures, it clearly seems that consumer confidence in the struggling housing market has weakened considerably over the past year.
失望させる四半期の数字から、苦境にある住宅市場への消費者の信頼が過去1年でかなり弱まったことは明らかなようだ。
It seems that the two long
quarreling neighboring countries have finally reached some kind of fragile but genuinely promising diplomatic understanding. — 長年いがみ合っていた隣国2国が、ついに脆いが本当に有望な何らかの外交的合意に達したようだ。
Despite all the early optimistic predictions, it now seems that the experimental treatment offers no measurable benefit to the seriously ill patients.
初期の楽観的な予測の全てにもかかわらず、その実験的治療は重病の患者に測定可能な利益をもたらさないように今では見える。
It seems that nobody on the entire crowded committee had actually bothered to read the lengthy and rather technical proposal beforehand.
混雑した委員会の誰一人として、長く技術的な提案書を事前に実際に読もうとしなかったようだ。
- It seems / appears that (準1級 鉄板)
★ 断定を避けるヘッジ ★ It seems that = It appears that (appear はやや堅い・書き言葉) ━ 論説・報告で多用
- 二重ヘッジ
★ It would seem that = さらに控えめ・婉曲 ━ 反論を予期した慎重な主張に
- vs look
look は that 節不可 (It looks like that S V は非文、It looks as if なら可)
- 否定の位置
It seems that S does not V (内容を否定) ≠ It does not seem that S V (推測自体を否定)