EigoPro 準2級プラス 文法 — 強調構文

It is ~ that 強調 (人/場所/時/名詞)、do/does/did 動詞強調、What ~ is 強調、much/far + 比較級、the very + 名詞、再帰代名詞強調、There + V + S、What a 感嘆、否定副詞倒置、副詞強調 (simply/just)、反復強調、否定の強調 (at all) (CEFR B1 transitional)

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この単元の問題を3問、解説つきで公開しています

準2級プラス · 文法 · 全15

1

( ) who saved the child from the burning house yesterday afternoon.

  • Was it John
  • It was John
  • John saved
  • John it was
Pattern

It was + 人 + who ... (人を強調)

準2級プラス文法強調構文
ひとことで

It was + 人 + who/that ... =「〜したのは (人) だ」。人を強調する典型構文。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

It was John

正解

"( ) who saved the child from the burning house..." では 「子どもを救ったのはジョンだ」と人を強調する文。It was + 人 + who ... の語順で It was John が正解。元文 John saved the child を強調構文化した形。

  • John it was

    = 語順の誤り ━ John it was の語順は文法的に不可。強調構文は必ず It is/was + 強調部 + who/that の語順。

  • Was it John

    = 疑問形 ━ Was it John ...? は疑問文の語順。who 節は陳述 (関係詞) で疑問文と組まない。

  • John saved

    = 強調構文不成立 ━ John saved who saved ... は元の動詞 saved が二重になる。強調構文では元の動詞は who/that 節側に残す。

活用 (主語別 / 時制別)
マーカー
It was + 人 + who ...人強調It was Mary who told me.
It was + 物 + that ...物強調It was the key that I lost.
It was + 時 + that ...時強調It was yesterday that he called.
It was + 場所 + where/that ...場所強調It was Tokyo where we met.
文型バリエーション
文型
人強調It was + 人 + who/that ...It was John who helped me.
物強調It was + 物 + that ...It was the book that I lost.
時強調It was + 時 + that ...It was at 5 that he arrived.
例文
  • It was John who saved the child from the burning house.

    燃える家から子どもを救ったのはジョンだった。

  • It was Mary who broke the vase yesterday, not Tom.

    昨日花瓶を割ったのはメアリーで、トムじゃない。

  • It is my mother who taught me how to cook delicious meals.

    美味しい料理の作り方を教えてくれたのは母だ。

  • It was the president himself who announced the news.

    そのニュースを発表したのは大統領自身だった。

  • It was she who first noticed the small mistake in the report.

    報告書の小さなミスに最初に気づいたのは彼女だった。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

強調構文の作り方: 元文 (John saved the child) → 強調部 (John) を選び → It + be + John + who + 残りの文 (saved the child)人 → who/that / 物・時・場所 → that が標準。準2級プラス頻出。

2

( ) that I met my wife for the first time many years ago.

  • It is Paris
  • It was in Paris
  • In Paris was
  • Paris was where
Pattern

It was + 場所 + that ... (場所を強調)

準2級プラス文法強調構文場所
ひとことで

It was + 場所 (前置詞句) + that/where ... =「〜したのは (場所) でだ」。場所を強調。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

It was in Paris

正解

"( ) that I met my wife for the first time..." では 「妻と最初に出会ったのはパリでだ」と場所を強調する文。前置詞句 (in Paris) も強調できる構文で It was in Paris が正解。場所の強調は that または where。

  • Paris was where

    = 語順の誤り ━ Paris was where ... の語順は強調構文として不可。It + be + 強調部 + that/where の固定語順。

  • It is Paris

    = 時制不一致 ━ 元文 I met (過去) を強調するなら It was Paris (過去) にする。It is Paris では時制が現在になり矛盾。

  • In Paris was

    = 語順の誤り ━ In Paris was that ... は文法的に不自然。必ず It is/was で始める。

活用 (主語別 / 時制別)
マーカー
It was + in/at + 場所 + that ...場所強調It was in Paris that we met.
It was + 場所 + where ...場所強調 (where)It was Paris where we met.
It was + 時 + that/when ...時強調It was 2010 that I left.
It was + 人 + who/that ...人強調It was Mary who left.
文型バリエーション
文型
場所 (前置詞句)It was + 前置詞句 + that ...It was in Tokyo that I lived.
場所 (名詞)It was + 場所名 + where ...It was Tokyo where I lived.
時刻It was + 時 + that ...It was last year that we met.
例文
  • It was in Paris that I met my wife for the first time.

    妻と最初に出会ったのはパリでだった。

  • It was at the airport where we said goodbye to each other.

    私たちが別れを告げたのは空港でだった。

  • It was at this very spot that the accident happened.

    事故が起きたのはまさにこの場所だった。

  • It is in Kyoto where you can find the most beautiful temples.

    最も美しい寺院があるのは京都だ。

  • It was in 2020 that the pandemic changed everything.

    全てが変わったのは2020年のパンデミックだった。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

場所の強調 2形: ★ It was + 前置詞句 + that ... (It was in Paris that ...) ★ It was + 場所名 + where ... (It was Paris where ...)。前置詞句の場合は that、純粋な場所名なら where。

3

( ) that the accident happened on the highway last week.

  • Was yesterday
  • Yesterday was
  • It was yesterday
  • It is yesterday
Pattern

It was + 時 + that ... (時を強調)

準2級プラス文法強調構文
ひとことで

It was + 時 + that/when ... =「〜したのは (時) にだ」。時を強調。

選択肢の解説Choice Analysis

It was yesterday

正解

"( ) that the accident happened on the highway..." では 「事故が起きたのは昨日だ」と時間を強調する文。時を強調する It was + 時 + that ... の構文で It was yesterday が正解。過去の事故 (happened) なので It was (過去) と時制を一致させる。

  • It is yesterday

    = 時制不一致 ━ happened (過去) と組み合わせるので強調構文も過去 It was でなければならない。It is yesterday は文法的に矛盾。

  • Was yesterday

    = 疑問形・主語抜け ━ Was yesterday that ... は主語 It が無く疑問の語順。強調構文では It is/was + 強調部 + that ... が必須。

  • Yesterday was

    = 語順の誤り ━ Yesterday was that ... は通常文では成立しない。強調構文は It + be + 強調部 + that の固定形。

活用 (主語別 / 時制別)
マーカー
It was + 時 + that ...時強調It was at 5 that he left.
It was + 時 + when ...時強調 (when)It was 2010 when I started.
It was + 人 + who ...人強調It was Mary who came.
It was + 場所 + that ...場所強調It was here that we met.
文型バリエーション
文型
過去時It was + 時 + that ...It was yesterday that he called.
現在時It is + 時 + that ...It is now that we need to act.
時刻 + that/when両方可It was at 3 PM (that/when) it started.
例文
  • It was yesterday that the accident happened on the highway.

    事故が高速道路で起きたのは昨日だった。

  • It was in 2020 when the pandemic first started to spread.

    パンデミックが最初に広がり始めたのは2020年だった。

  • It was at midnight that we finally finished the project.

    プロジェクトをやっと終えたのは真夜中だった。

  • It is now that we must make this important decision together.

    私たちが一緒にこの大切な決断をすべきは今だ。

  • It was last Friday that I received the good news from him.

    彼から良い知らせを受けたのは先週金曜日だった。

💡Tip · 覚えるコツ

強調構文 vs 形式主語: ★ 強調構文 = 強調部を抜くと元の文になる (It was yesterday that he came → He came yesterday) ★ 形式主語 = 抜くと文が壊れる (It is hard to learn → To learn is hard)。準2級プラス頻出の判別。

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